Hi.
I am using Exchange 2010 SP1 and Backup Exec 2012 SP4. Since day one Backup Exec was able to back up mail databases without any problem.
Couple weeks ago, I added a new mail database to a total of 5 mail databases and a public folder database in Exchange Management Console. Because I was using the Standard version of Exchange I had to dismount one of the original mail databases. After this change, Backup Exec started to generate "Cmdlet failed. Cmdlet Get-PublicFolderDatabase, parameters {Identity=XXX, Status=True} for all the mail databases for full and incremental backups.
Last week, I removed the dismounted mail database from EMC, so the list is back to a total of 4 mail databases and a public folder database. The same day, both full and incremental backup jobs were able to complete successfully.
I hope the above would be helpful for those having the same issues.